Ganoderma lucidum
Ganoderma lucidum belongs to the basidiomycetes, the porous fungi, and the noble fungi with high medicinal value.
It has the functions of anti-inflammatory, diuretic, stomach invigorating, preventing arteriosclerosis, anti-tumor, anti-aging and improving immunity.
Ergosterol
The research shows that there are many functional substances in Ganoderma lucidum, such as polysaccharides, triterpenoids, Ganoderma acid, ergosterol, and so on. The content of ergosterol in Ganoderma lucidum is high, It can reach more than 0.2%, and the content of ergosterol in Ganoderma lucidum can reach UV irradiation. Ergosterol can be converted into a VD2 precursor, it is the main raw material for the production of progesterone, hydrocortisone, VD2, etc., with large market demand.
CO2 Extraction process of ergosterol from Ganoderma lucidum
- Extraction pressure: 20 MPa
- Extraction temperature: 50°C
- CO2 flow: 2.5 L / min
- Extraction time: 120 min
CO2 Extraction method
Fermentation
The production of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium by deep fermentation is characterized by time-saving, labor-saving, environmental protection, and easy control.
Supercritical CO2 fluid extraction is based on the relationship between the solubility of supercritical fluid and its density, that is, the influence of pressure and temperature on the solubility of supercritical fluid. In the supercritical state, the supercritical fluid is contacted with the substance to be separated, so that it can selectively extract the components of polarity, boiling point, and molecular weight successively, which has the characteristics of time-saving, labor-saving, environmental protection, and good separation effect.
Based on the deep fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum fungus, the content of ergosterol in Ganoderma lucidum mycelium was extracted by CO2 supercritical, and the extraction conditions were optimized.
CO2 extraction
After deep fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum fungus for 120 hours, the mycelium and fermentation liquid is separated by centrifugation, the mycelium is taken, dried to constant weight in a constant temperature oven at 60 ℃, cooled to normal temperature in the dryer, weighed, mashed, sieved, 100 g of experimental sample is taken and put into the reaction kettle, CO2 gas is opened, at the same time, the temperature of extraction kettle, separation kettle I and separation kettle II is adjusted to the set temperature, and then pressurized to the set pressure. Adjust the flow of CO2, and make the supercritical CO2 fluid carry out the extraction cycle under the set pressure and temperature.
When the CO2 extraction time reaches the test set, receive the extraction liquid from the separation kettle I and the outlet of the separation kettle, combine the extraction liquid of the separation kettle I and the separation kettle II, and fix the volume to 500ml, then obtain the supercritical CO2 extraction liquid sample of Ganoderma lucidum fungus deep fermentation bacteria, for standby.
extraction pressure, extraction temperature, and CO2 flow rate
In the process of extracting ergosterol from Ganoderma lucidum mycelium by supercritical CO2, single-factor experiments show that the extraction pressure, extraction temperature, and CO2 flow rate have different effects on the extraction amount of ergosterol.
L934 orthogonal experiment optimizes the extraction conditions. The results show that the extraction pressure and extraction temperature have significant effects, while the CO2 flow rate has no significant effects.
The appropriate combination of the three factors A2b3c3, i.e. extraction pressure 20 MPa, extraction temperature 50 ℃, CO2 flow rate 2.5 L / min, the extraction amount of ergosterol in this combination is 1.1362 mg / g, which is higher than that in the orthogonal combination.